Traveling in China offers a captivating blend of ancient history, vibrant culture, breathtaking landscapes, and culinary delights that will leave you awe-inspired at every turn.
Best Time to Visit
Deciding on the best time to visit China largely depends on which regions you're planning to visit and what kind of activities you'd like to do, as the country's vast size results in different weather patterns and climates across its regions. However, generally speaking, the most favorable times to visit China are during spring (April to June) and autumn (September to October). Here's a more detailed look:
Spring (April to June): During spring, temperatures across most parts of China are mild and comfortable. It's a great time to visit many tourist destinations like Beijing, Shanghai, Xi'an, and Guilin. The cherry and plum blossoms in parks and gardens are a sight to behold.
Summer (July to August): This is the peak travel season in China, mainly due to school holidays. Some parts, especially in the south like Guangzhou and Hong Kong, can get quite hot and humid. However, summer is the best time to visit the grasslands of Inner Mongolia and the Silk Road. The Tibetan region also tends to be more accessible during the summer months.
Autumn (September to October): This is another excellent time to visit China. The temperatures are pleasant, and the autumn foliage, particularly in regions like Beijing and the Great Wall, Jiuzhaigou, and the Yellow Mountains, is stunning. The Mid-Autumn Festival also takes place during this period, offering visitors a chance to experience this traditional celebration and taste mooncakes.
Winter (November to March): Winters can be quite harsh in the northern regions, with cities like Harbin hosting the famous Ice Festival. However, it's a low tourist season, so you might get better deals on accommodation and flights, and popular tourist sites will be less crowded. The southern parts of China, such as Hong Kong, Macau, and Yunnan Province, are milder and can be visited in winter.
Remember, China's size means it has a diverse range of climates. Therefore, the best time to visit can vary significantly depending on where in the country you plan to go.
Festivals
China is known for its vibrant and colorful festivals that are deeply rooted in history, tradition, and culture. Attending these celebrations can provide fascinating insights into China's rich cultural heritage. Here are some festivals you might want to consider:
Chinese New Year (Late January/Early February): Also known as the Spring Festival, this is China's most important traditional holiday, marking the beginning of the lunar new year. Celebrations last for 15 days and feature family gatherings, feasts, dragon and lion dances, and the famous Lantern Festival on the final day.
Lantern Festival (February): This festival marks the end of the Chinese New Year celebrations. During the festival, lanterns of various shapes and sizes are displayed, and sweet glutinous rice balls (Tangyuan) are eaten. It's also a time for dragon and lion dances, and firecracker displays.
Qingming Festival (April 4th or 5th): Also known as Tomb-Sweeping Day, this festival involves paying respects to one's ancestors by cleaning their gravesites. It's also a time to enjoy the spring weather through activities like kite flying.
Dragon Boat Festival (June): This festival commemorates the death of the famous Chinese scholar Qu Yuan. The main highlight is the dragon boat races where teams paddle in boats designed like dragons. Zongzi (sticky rice dumplings) are traditionally eaten during this festival.
Mid-Autumn Festival (September/October): This festival is about lunar appreciation and moon watching. Mooncakes, a type of sweet pastry, are traditionally eaten, and lanterns are lit to celebrate.
Double Ninth Festival (October): Known as Chongyang Festival, it's a day to respect and care for the elderly. Activities often include climbing mountains, eating Chongyang cake, and drinking chrysanthemum wine.
Harbin Ice and Snow Festival (January/February): This festival takes place in Harbin, in the northeastern province of Heilongjiang. It's one of the world's largest ice and snow festivals and features massive, beautifully illuminated ice sculptures.
Climate
China's vast size and diverse geography lead to a wide range of climate conditions across the country. From north to south, east to west, you can find everything from freezing cold regions to tropical climates. Here's a general overview of the different climatic zones:
North and Northeast China (e.g., Beijing, Harbin): Here, winters (December - March) can be extremely cold, with temperatures often well below freezing and significant snowfall. Summer (June - August) can be quite hot, with temperatures often rising above 30°C (86°F). Spring and autumn tend to be short but pleasant.
Central and East China (e.g., Shanghai, Xi'an): These regions experience four distinct seasons. Winters (December - February) are cool to cold, with temperatures often dropping below freezing, while summers (June - August) are hot and can be very humid. Spring and autumn are generally mild and the most comfortable seasons.
South China (e.g., Guangzhou, Hong Kong): This region has a subtropical climate. Winters (December - February) are mild, while summers (June - August) are hot and humid, with frequent rainfall. Spring is warm, and autumn is cool, both with moderate rainfall.
Southwest China (e.g., Yunnan, Tibet): The climate varies greatly in this region. Yunnan has a mild climate with pleasant and fair weather due to its high altitude. Tibet, also known as the 'Roof of the World', is cold for most of the year and has a harsh climate.
Northwest China (e.g., Xinjiang, Gansu): This region is arid or semi-arid and receives little rainfall. Summers can be extremely hot, while winters can be incredibly cold.
Packing Tips
Here are some packing tips to keep in mind when planning your trip to China:
Clothing: China's climate is extremely diverse, so pack according to the regions and seasons you plan to visit. Lightweight clothing is suitable for summer, but always pack a sweater or jacket for cooler evenings or air-conditioned places. For winter travel, especially in the north, pack warm clothing, including thermal underwear, sweaters, and a heavy coat. Comfortable walking shoes are essential as sightseeing often involves a lot of walking.
Electronics: China uses Type A, C, and I outlets, so you might need a universal adapter. Also, consider bringing a power bank for your electronics for long travel days. Remember to pack all the necessary chargers for your devices.
Health Supplies: Pack a small first aid kit with band-aids, antiseptic wipes, and any essential medication. It's also wise to bring a supply of hand sanitizer and a pollution mask if you're visiting major cities.
Toiletries: While you can find most things in China, if you're particular about brands, bring your toiletries. Pack travel-sized shampoo, conditioner, toothpaste, and deodorant. In many public restrooms, toilet paper is not provided, so carrying a small pack of tissues can be useful.
VPN: If you need to access websites and services like Google, Facebook, and Instagram, which are blocked in China, consider setting up a VPN on your devices before you arrive.
Language: While more people are learning English in China, especially in large cities and tourist areas, a Mandarin phrasebook or translation app can still be very helpful.
Money: While credit cards are accepted in many places, cash is still king in many smaller or rural areas. Consider bringing some cash to exchange into yuan upon arrival.
Snacks: If you have dietary restrictions or allergies, consider packing some of your favorite snacks.
Reusable Water Bottle: Tap water in China is generally not safe to drink. While bottled water is widely available, a reusable bottle with a built-in filter can be a more sustainable choice.
Currency
The official currency of the People's Republic of China is the Renminbi (RMB), often internationally known as the Chinese Yuan (CNY). The word "Renminbi" translates to "People's Currency" and "Yuan" can be thought of as the equivalent of "dollar" or "euro."
The basic unit of this currency is the yuan (¥). In colloquial Chinese, the yuan is often called "kuai," similar to how Americans might say "bucks" for dollars.
The yuan divides into smaller units known as jiao, with 10 jiao in one yuan. The jiao is colloquially called "mao" in Mandarin. There is another smaller unit called "fen" where 100 fen equals 1 yuan, but they're seldom used now because of their very small value.
Currency is available in both paper notes and coins. The notes come in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 yuan, and the coins come in denominations of 1 yuan, 5 jiao, and 1 jiao. There are rarely used 1 and 5 fen coins, as well as rarely used 2 jiao and 2 yuan notes.
Credit cards like Visa, MasterCard, and American Express are widely accepted in large cities and tourist areas, but cash is preferred in rural areas and small businesses.
China is also a global leader in mobile payment systems. WeChat Pay and Alipay are the most popular and can be found almost everywhere, from large department stores to small street vendors.
As for exchanging money, it can be done at most banks, hotels, and airports. ATMs are also widely available throughout China, but it's always good to check the international withdrawal fees with your bank before your trip.
Time Zone
Despite its vast geographical size, all of China officially operates on a single standard time known as China Standard Time (CST). This is set at UTC+8, the same time zone as other countries such as Taiwan, Singapore, and Western Australia.
It's an interesting fact because theoretically, given its east-west span, China should have 5 time zones. But in 1949, the Communist Party-led People's Republic of China established a single standard time zone for the entire country for the sake of national unity and efficiency.
It's worth noting that some people in the western parts of China, like Tibet and Xinjiang, unofficially follow a different local time that's two hours behind, as this time aligns more closely with their daily routines based on the sun's position.
China also does not observe daylight saving time, so the time remains constant throughout the year.
Bargaining
Bargaining is a common practice in China, particularly in markets, small shops, and street vendors. It is generally expected and accepted in these settings.
Communication
Language: The official language of China is Mandarin Chinese. While Mandarin is widely spoken and understood throughout the country, there are also various regional dialects and minority languages. English proficiency varies, with more people speaking English in major cities and tourist areas. Learning a few basic Mandarin phrases can be helpful in daily interactions, especially outside of tourist hubs.
Wi-Fi: Wi-Fi is readily available in most hotels, restaurants, cafes, and shopping malls in urban areas. Many accommodations also provide complimentary Wi-Fi for guests. However, internet access may be limited in remote areas or during transit, such as on trains or buses. It's a good idea to have a backup plan, such as downloading offline maps or important information before traveling to areas with limited connectivity.
Mobile Phones: If your phone is unlocked, you can purchase a local SIM card upon arrival in China to have access to voice calls, text messages, and data services. China has several major mobile network operators, including China Mobile, China Unicom, and China Telecom. These providers offer various prepaid SIM card packages for short-term visitors. Make sure your phone is compatible with the Chinese network standards (GSM or CDMA) and check if your phone is compatible with the specific frequency bands used in China.
VPN (Virtual Private Network): Access to certain websites and services, including social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram, as well as Google services, may be restricted in China. To bypass these restrictions, many travelers use a VPN service to access blocked websites and maintain their internet privacy. Before your trip, research and set up a VPN on your devices.
It's also worth considering popular Chinese communication apps like WeChat, which offers messaging, voice calls, video calls, and even mobile payment services. WeChat is widely used in China and can be convenient for staying connected with locals and fellow travelers.
Tipping Etiquette
In general, tipping is not a common practice and is not expected in most situations. However, there are a few exceptions and situations where it may be appropriate to offer a tip or show appreciation:
Restaurants: In most Chinese restaurants, especially local eateries, tipping is not expected. The bill typically includes a service charge or a fixed fee for tea or condiments. However, in high-end restaurants catering to international clientele, a service charge may be added, and a small tip of 5-10% could be given if you feel the service was exceptional.
Hotels: Tipping hotel staff, such as bellhops or concierges, is not expected but appreciated. If someone provides exceptional service or goes out of their way to assist you, a small tip of 10-20 yuan can be offered.
Taxis: Tipping taxi drivers is not customary in China. You can round up the fare to the nearest whole number as a gesture of appreciation, but it is not expected.
Tour Guides and Drivers: If you hire a private tour guide or driver, tipping is more common and appreciated. It's advisable to discuss tipping guidelines with your tour company or guide beforehand. As a general guideline, a tip of 50-100 yuan per day for a guide and 20-50 yuan per day for a driver can be given.
Porters and Service Staff: If you use porters at train stations or airports, it is customary to give a small tip of 5-10 yuan per bag. However, this is optional and not obligatory.
Electric Plugs
In China, the standard electrical plug type is the three-pronged Type A or Type I plug, commonly known as the "Chinese plug." The specific plug used can vary depending on the region or the age of the building, so it's a good idea to be prepared for both types. Here's a breakdown of the plug types:
Type A: This plug has two flat parallel pins and is the most common type in China. It operates on a 220-240V supply and is similar to plugs used in North America and Japan.
Type I: This plug has two flat pins in a V-shape and an additional grounding pin in the shape of a downward-facing triangle. It is commonly found in newer buildings or those designed to accommodate international travelers. Type I plugs are also used in Australia, New Zealand, and other countries. It operates on a 220-240V supply.
Sustainable Travel Tips
Here are some sustainable travel tips to consider when traveling in China:
Support Local and Sustainable Accommodations: Choose eco-friendly and sustainable accommodations that prioritize energy conservation, waste reduction, and environmental practices. Look for hotels that have implemented initiatives such as recycling programs or energy-efficient measures.
Respect the Environment: When visiting natural sites, follow designated trails, respect wildlife, and refrain from littering. Avoid damaging or removing any plants or natural resources. Practice Leave No Trace principles by leaving the environment as you found it.
Use Public Transportation: Utilize public transportation options like buses, trains, and subways whenever possible. It helps reduce carbon emissions and congestion. In major cities, metro systems are well-developed and convenient for getting around.
Support Local Communities: Engage with local communities by eating at local restaurants, shopping at local markets, and supporting local artisans and businesses. This helps contribute to the local economy and preserves local traditions and culture.
Conserve Energy and Resources: Practice responsible energy and resource usage in accommodations. Turn off lights and air conditioning when not needed, limit water usage, and reuse towels instead of requesting fresh ones daily.
Learn About Local Customs and Etiquette: Familiarize yourself with local customs and traditions to show respect for the local culture. Observe and follow local etiquette when visiting temples, sacred sites, or participating in cultural activities.
Offset Carbon Emissions: Consider offsetting your carbon footprint by supporting reputable carbon offset programs. These programs invest in projects that reduce greenhouse gas emissions or promote renewable energy development.
Choose Sustainable Souvenirs: Opt for souvenirs made from sustainable or locally sourced materials. Avoid purchasing products made from endangered species, coral, or unsustainable resources.
Minimize Food Waste: Order food conservatively, and if you can't finish a meal, consider taking leftovers to-go or sharing with others. Respect local ingredients and try to explore traditional vegetarian or plant-based options.
Useful Local Apps
There are several useful local apps that can enhance your experience while traveling in China. Here are some popular ones:
WeChat: WeChat is a multipurpose app widely used in China for messaging, social networking, and mobile payment services. It's a convenient way to stay connected with locals, make voice and video calls, and even pay for purchases at shops, restaurants, and markets using WeChat Pay.
Alipay: Alipay is another widely used mobile payment app in China. It allows you to make cashless transactions, pay for goods and services, and even split bills with friends. Alipay also provides features such as money transfers, taxi-hailing services, and hotel bookings.
Didi Chuxing: Didi Chuxing is the leading ride-hailing app in China. Similar to Uber, it allows you to book taxis, private cars, and even carpool services. Didi Chuxing is available in many major cities in China and can be a convenient and reliable way to get around.
Baidu Maps: Baidu Maps is a popular navigation app widely used in China. It provides detailed maps, directions, and real-time traffic information. Baidu Maps can be handy for finding your way around, especially when using public transportation or walking.
Ctrip: Ctrip is a comprehensive travel app that offers services for flight and hotel bookings, train ticket reservations, and tour packages. It also provides travel guides, reviews, and recommendations for attractions, restaurants, and local activities.
Pleco: Pleco is a highly regarded Chinese-English translation app. It includes a dictionary with a vast database of Chinese characters and words, along with pronunciation guides and example sentences. Pleco can be immensely helpful for communication and understanding signs, menus, and other written materials.
Mobike or Ofo: Mobike and Ofo are popular bike-sharing apps in China. They provide a convenient and eco-friendly way to explore cities. You can rent bikes, ride to your destination, and park them at designated locations. Keep in mind that availability may vary depending on the city.
Meituan Dianping: Meituan Dianping is a comprehensive lifestyle app that offers a wide range of services, including food delivery, restaurant reservations, movie ticket bookings, hotel bookings, and more. It's a handy app for finding local restaurants, checking reviews, and ordering food for delivery.
