Agra
Agra is a city located in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is situated on the banks of the Yamuna River and is known for its rich history, architectural wonders, and cultural heritage. Agra is most famous for being home to one of the Seven Wonders of the World, the magnificent Taj Mahal.
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Agra, a city in northern India's Uttar Pradesh state, is during the cooler months from October to March. This period is considered the tourist season as the weather is relatively mild and pleasant, with daytime temperatures averaging between 20°C (68°F) and 30°C (86°F). This makes sightseeing and other outdoor activities more enjoyable. Agra is home to many historical sites, including the iconic Taj Mahal, Agra Fort, and Fatehpur Sikri, all of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Visiting in October-November or February-March can provide an optimal balance, as these months often have the most pleasant temperatures and less chance of fog which can obscure views of the Taj Mahal.
Do keep in mind that Agra can be quite crowded during these popular tourist months. If you prefer fewer crowds, consider visiting in the shoulder season (April and September) when the weather is a bit warmer, but there are often fewer tourists.
Regardless of the season, a good tip for visiting the Taj Mahal is to go early in the morning for sunrise when it's less crowded and the lighting is often beautiful.
How to Get There
Agra is a popular tourist destination and is easily accessible by air, road, and train from major cities in India. Here are your options:
By Air: The closest airport to Agra is the Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyay Airport, but it only hosts a limited number of flights. Most international and domestic travelers choose to fly into Delhi's Indira Gandhi International Airport, which is approximately 220 kilometers (about 136 miles) away from Agra. From Delhi, you can take a train, bus, or hire a taxi to Agra.
By Train: Agra is well connected to major cities in India by train. There are several train stations in Agra including Agra Cantt, Agra Fort, and Raja ki Mandi. The city is well-served by the Indian Railways network with direct trains from cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Jaipur, and others. The fastest train from Delhi to Agra is the Gatimaan Express.
By Road: Agra is connected to Delhi via the Yamuna Expressway and to Jaipur via the Agra-Jaipur Highway, both of which are well-maintained roads. If you're driving from Delhi, the trip takes approximately 3 to 4 hours depending on traffic. There are also regular government and private bus services between Agra and several major cities.
By Bus: There are regular bus services, both private and state-run, from cities like Delhi, Jaipur, Gwalior, Lucknow, and Kanpur.
Getting Around
Agra, India is relatively straightforward, as there are numerous transportation options available. Here are the main ways:
Auto Rickshaws and Cycle Rickshaws: These are a popular and affordable mode of transport in Agra. They're ideal for short distances and can be found almost everywhere in the city.
Taxis and Cabs: For a more comfortable experience, you can hire a taxi. Taxis can be rented for a full day or for a trip to and from specific tourist sites. Some popular taxi services include Ola and Uber.
Tuk-Tuks: These are similar to auto rickshaws and can be hired for short trips within the city.
Local Buses: Agra has a network of local buses, though they can be crowded. It's a cheap mode of transportation, but might not be the best option for tourists who are unfamiliar with the routes and stops.
Battery-Operated Buses and Rickshaws: In order to protect the Taj Mahal and other monuments from pollution, the government has banned petrol and diesel vehicles within a certain radius of these sites. Battery-operated buses and rickshaws are available instead.
Walking: For short distances, especially within the precincts of the monuments, walking is a good option. It allows you to explore at your own pace and take in the surroundings.
Bicycles and Bike Rentals: For those who prefer a more active form of transportation, bicycles can be rented from several establishments in the city.
It's important to negotiate the price before beginning any journey in a taxi, rickshaw, or tuk-tuk, as these vehicles often don't run on metered fares.
Most Popular Attractions and Activities to See and Do in Agra, India
Top 10 Attractions in Agra
Agra is a city rich with history, culture, and architectural beauty. Here are some of the top attractions in Agra:
Taj Mahal: This UNESCO World Heritage Site is one of the Seven Wonders of the World. Built by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal, it's an iconic symbol of love and a masterpiece of Mughal architecture.
Agra Fort: Also a UNESCO World Heritage Site, this massive red sandstone fort was the main residence of the emperors of the Mughal Dynasty until 1638. It offers stunning views of the Taj Mahal and houses several exquisite structures like the Jahangir Palace and the Khas Mahal.
Fatehpur Sikri: Located around 35 km from Agra, this was the capital of the Mughal Empire for a short time. This city, built by Emperor Akbar, includes several royal palaces, a mosque, and other historic buildings.
Itmad-Ud-Daulah's Tomb: Often referred to as the 'Baby Taj', this tomb was built by Nur Jahan for her father and is considered a precursor to the Taj Mahal due to its intricate marble inlay work and design.
Akbar's Tomb, Sikandra: The final resting place of Emperor Akbar, this tomb is a beautiful blend of Hindu, Christian, Islamic, Buddhist, and Jain themes, reflecting Akbar's philosophy of religious tolerance.
Mehtab Bagh: This is a garden complex directly opposite the Taj Mahal. It's a great spot to view the Taj Mahal at sunset or during full moon nights.
Jama Masjid: One of the largest mosques in India, it was built by Shah Jahan’s daughter in 1648. The mosque is located opposite Agra Fort and overlooks the Agra Fort Railway Station.
Shopping at Kinari Bazaar: This bustling market in Agra is perfect for buying souvenirs, traditional clothing, jewelry, and local handicrafts.
Chini ka Rauza: This is a funerary monument, or tomb, of Allama Afzal Khan Mullah, a scholar and poet who was the Prime Minister of the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan. The tomb is notable for its glazed tile work, known as 'Chini' hence the name.
Mariam's Tomb: This is the tomb of Mariam, the wife of great Mughal Emperor Akbar. The tomb is built in the Charbagh style, which is a layout for Islamic architecture where the garden or the compound is divided into four equal parts. The tomb, made from red sandstone, is located in Sikandra, a suburb of Agra. It's a fine example of Mughal architecture with beautiful design, carvings, and a serene environment.
Top 10 Activities to do in Agra
There are plenty of things to do in Agra, beyond just visiting the iconic Taj Mahal. Here are some top activities to engage in:
Explore Historical Monuments: Apart from the Taj Mahal, visit Agra's other historical monuments like the Agra Fort, Fatehpur Sikri, Itmad-Ud-Daulah's Tomb, and Akbar's Tomb. Each offers a unique glimpse into the region's rich history.
Witness the Taj Mahal at Sunrise and Sunset: One of the best times to view the Taj Mahal is at sunrise or sunset when the soft light illuminates the marble mausoleum, creating a mystical and romantic atmosphere.
Enjoy a Tonga Ride: A tonga is a horse-drawn carriage that was a popular mode of transportation in olden times. Take a tonga ride near the Taj Mahal or Agra Fort for a traditional experience.
Visit Mehtab Bagh: These gardens offer a stunning view of the Taj Mahal across the Yamuna River, especially during sunset.
Try Local Cuisine: Agra is famous for its local cuisine, particularly Agra's Petha (a sweet dish), Bedai (a type of puri stuffed with spiced lentils), and other Mughlai dishes. Be sure to visit local eateries and taste these specialties.
Shop at Local Markets: Visit the local bazaars, such as Kinari Bazaar and Sadar Bazaar, where you can buy local handicrafts, leather goods, marble inlay work, jewelry, rugs, and textiles.
Take a Boat Ride in the Yamuna: For a different perspective of the Taj Mahal, consider a boat ride on the Yamuna River, particularly at sunset.
Enjoy a Cultural Performance: Attend a performance of "Mohabbat-the-Taj," a cultural dance drama show that depicts the love story of Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal and the creation of the Taj Mahal.
Visit a Wildlife SOS: If you have time, a visit to the Agra Bear Rescue Facility or the Elephant Conservation and Care Center can be a rewarding experience. These facilities rescue and rehabilitate dancing bears and mistreated elephants, providing them a safe and healthy environment.
Attend a Cooking Class: Join a cooking class to learn about Indian cuisine and how to make some of the local specialties.
Best Shopping
Agra is known for its traditional markets offering a wide variety of local arts and crafts. Here are some top shopping destinations in Agra where you can find souvenirs, local handicrafts, textiles, and more:
Kinari Bazaar: Located in the heart of the city near the Jama Masjid, this bustling market offers everything from traditional Indian clothes and shoes to jewelry, spices, and more. This is a great place to shop for wedding items and trinkets.
Sadar Bazaar: This is the most popular tourist market in Agra, offering a variety of goods such as leather products, textiles, handicrafts, and souvenirs. Don't forget to try some of the local street food here.
Subhash Bazaar: This market is located close to the Agra Fort and is known for its silk products and fine textiles. It's a good place to shop for sarees and other Indian traditional wear.
Shah Market: If you're interested in electronics, the Shah Market is the place to go. You can find a range of items from mobile phones to cameras and other gadgets.
Taj Ganj: This market is located near the Taj Mahal and is known for its marble inlay work, leather items, rugs, and antiques. The market is also filled with eateries serving delicious local cuisine.
Raja Ki Mandi: This traditional Indian market has a wide range of items from everyday household goods to clothes, shoes, and more. It also has a popular food area.
TDI Mall: If you're looking for a more modern shopping experience, visit the TDI Mall. It houses numerous Indian and international brands, along with various food outlets and a cinema.
Marble Handicraft Shops: There are numerous shops in and around Agra that sell beautiful marble handicrafts, many with intricate inlay work similar to what you'll see in the Taj Mahal.
Shilpgram Handicrafts Village: Near the Taj Mahal, you can find this open-air emporium showcasing traditional Indian handicrafts from various states. It's an excellent place to shop for unique souvenirs.
Remember, in many of these traditional markets, bargaining is common. Start at about 50% of the asking price and negotiate from there. Always be polite, patient, and prepared to walk away if the price doesn't meet your expectations.
Entertainment & Nightlife
While Agra is traditionally known for its rich history and iconic monuments, the city also offers a range of entertainment and nightlife options for tourists. However, it's worth noting that Agra's nightlife is relatively subdued compared to cities like Delhi or Mumbai, given its cultural and historical significance.
Cultural Performances: Agra hosts several cultural shows that portray the rich history and traditions of the city. One such popular show is "Mohabbat the Taj Show" at the Kalakriti Cultural & Convention Centre, which depicts the love story of Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal, and the creation of the Taj Mahal.
Bars and Pubs: While Agra isn't known for its bustling bar scene, there are several decent bars and lounges where you can unwind after a day of sightseeing. Some notable ones include Downtown Club in Clarks Shiraz Hotel, the Bar at ITC Mughal, and the lounge at the Oberoi Amarvilas.
Restaurants with Live Music: Some restaurants in Agra offer live music along with a variety of cuisine. For example, Pinch of Spice, Bon Barbecue Agra, and Peshawri - ITC Mughal all provide great food and a pleasant ambiance.
Shopping: Night shopping is an interesting activity in Agra, with some markets staying open until 10:00 PM. Visit Sadar Bazaar to find handicrafts, leather goods, and souvenirs.
Movie Theatres: For movie enthusiasts, there are several multiplexes and cinemas in Agra like the Carnival Cinemas or the BIG Cinemas.
Sightseeing at Night: While most monuments close to the public at sunset, the Agra Municipal Corporation has made arrangements for the Taj Mahal to be viewed under the moonlight from a distance on full moon nights, and two days before and after. It's a unique experience that should not be missed if you're in Agra at that time.
Local Cuisine
Agra, being a prominent city during the Mughal era, has a rich culinary heritage that reflects in its diverse local cuisine. Here's a list of some famous dishes and snacks that you must try when you're in Agra:
Petha: Petha is the most famous sweet from Agra. It's a translucent soft candy made from ash gourd and comes in various flavors like paan, saffron, and coconut.
Bedai and Jalebi: Bedai is a fried, puffy bread filled with spicy lentils, typically served with a side of curd and aloo sabzi (potato curry). This, paired with hot, sweet jalebis, is a popular breakfast combination in Agra.
Aloo Tikki: A popular street food, Aloo Tikki is a snack made of boiled potatoes, onions, and various spices. It's served hot and is usually accompanied by chutney.
Paratha: A popular North Indian bread, parathas in Agra are often stuffed with fillings like potato, paneer (cottage cheese), or radish. They're typically served with a side of curd and pickle.
Mughlai Cuisine: Given its history, Agra is a great place to try traditional Mughlai dishes like biryani (a flavorful rice dish), kebabs (grilled meat), and various types of curries.
Dalmoth: This is a traditional savory snack of Agra, made of fried lentils, nuts, spices, and oil. It's crunchy and often served with tea.
Tandoori Chicken: Tandoori chicken is a popular dish consisting of roasted chicken prepared with yogurt and spices. The name comes from the type of cylindrical clay oven, a tandoor, in which the dish is traditionally prepared.
Chaats: Like most places in India, Agra has its own variety of chaats - savory snacks typically served at road-side stalls or food carts. Common types of chaat include samosa chaat, aloo tikki chaat, and golgappa (also known as pani puri).
Lassi: This is a traditional yogurt-based drink that can be either sweet or salty. It's a great way to cool off in Agra's heat.
When it comes to dining, Agra has a wide range of options, from high-end restaurants serving global and Indian cuisine to local street food stalls and sweet shops.
Accommodations
Choosing the best area to stay in Agra primarily depends on your preferences for proximity to specific attractions, your budget, and the kind of accommodation you're looking for. Here are some areas to consider:
Taj Ganj: This is the most popular area for tourists given its proximity to the Taj Mahal. There are numerous hotels, ranging from budget to luxury, that offer fantastic views of the monument. The area also has a good selection of restaurants and shops.
Fatehabad Road: Many of Agra's modern hotels are located along this road. It's close to the Taj Mahal and Agra Fort, and the hotels here cater to a wide range of budgets. The road also has many restaurants and shopping options.
Agra Cantonment: This area is known for its high-end hotels and is closer to the railway station, making it convenient for travel. It's a bit farther from the main attractions, but the peaceful environment and the easy availability of transport make it a good choice.
Rakabganj: This area is close to Agra Fort and also has a wide range of hotels. It's well-connected by road to the rest of the city and the shopping districts.
Sikandra: This suburban area is known for Akbar's Tomb and is a quieter place to stay. There are fewer accommodation options compared to the city center, but the area offers a more relaxed and peaceful environment.
Sanjay Place: This is a commercial hub of Agra with plenty of shopping, restaurants, and hotels. It's a bit farther from the main historical attractions, but it's a vibrant place to stay if you enjoy city life.
