Essential Travel Information for Indonesia

Selamat datang! Welcome to Indonesia the vibrant archipelago. With over 17,000 islands, each boasting its own unique charm, landscapes, and traditions, traveling through Indonesia can be both exhilarating and overwhelming. Whether you're drawn to the tranquil beaches of Bali, the bustling streets of Jakarta, or the ancient temples of Yogyakarta, our comprehensive guide is designed to equip you with the crucial knowledge every visitor should possess. From understanding the rich tapestry of cultures to mastering local etiquettes and navigating the diverse terrains, we've curated essential insights to ensure your Indonesian adventure unfolds seamlessly. Dive in, and let's get you ready for the journey of a lifetime!

Here is the Essential Travel Information you will need to make any trip to Indonesia a success!

Best Time to Visit

Indonesia is a vast archipelago made up of over 17,000 islands, so the best time to visit can vary depending on the region and the activities you're interested in. Generally, Indonesia experiences two main seasons: the dry season and the wet (rainy) season. Here’s a detailed overview:

Dry Season (May to September)

Advantages:
- Generally sunny weather makes it a popular time for tourists.
- The seas are calmer, making it a great time for diving and snorkeling.
- It's a prime time for hiking and climbing, especially if you're aiming for places like Mount Rinjani on Lombok or Mount Bromo in Java.
Disadvantages:
- Some touristy spots, like Bali, can get crowded, especially during July and August.
- Prices for accommodation can be slightly higher during peak months.

Wet Season (October to April)

Advantages:
- Fewer tourists, so popular spots are less crowded.
- The landscape is lush and green, great for photography.
- Some regions, like the Raja Ampat for diving, are actually best visited during this season.
- It might be cheaper as some accommodations lower their rates.
Disadvantages:
- Heavy rains can cause transportation disruptions, including boat cancellations.
- Some regions might be prone to flooding.
- Outdoor activities might be limited due to rain.
- Mosquitoes can be more prevalent.

Region-Specific Recommendations:

Bali: The dry season (May to September) is the best time for beach activities and festivals. If you want to avoid crowds but still get good weather, consider visiting during May or September.
Java: The dry season (May to September) is preferable, especially if you're planning to explore temples or hike volcanoes.
Sumatra: It's generally wetter, but the months June to August can have drier spells.
Komodo Island: Visit between April and December. The seas are calmer, making it great for diving.
Raja Ampat: The best diving conditions are between October and April, which is during the rainy season, but the region remains relatively dry compared to the rest of Indonesia.
Sulawesi: For diving in places like Bunaken, the best time is between April and November.

Festivals

Indonesia is rich in cultural diversity, and there are numerous festivals celebrated throughout the year that showcase its traditions, arts, and regional uniqueness. Here are some of the most renowned festivals:

Bali Arts Festival (Pesta Kesenian Bali)

When: June-July
Where: Bali, mainly in Denpasar
Highlights: Traditional dance performances, parades, crafts, music, and other arts from the region.

Waisak (Vesak) Day

When: Usually in May, but the date varies as it's based on the lunar calendar.
Where: Mainly at the Borobudur Temple in Central Java.
Highlights: This Buddhist festival celebrates the birth, enlightenment, and death of Buddha. It features prayer sessions, processions, and the release of lanterns.

Yogyakarta Java Carnival

When: October
Where: Yogyakarta, Java
Highlights: Night parade showcasing costumes, music, and dance inspired by Javanese mythology and modern interpretations.

Rambu Solo

When: Dates vary.
Where: Toraja, South Sulawesi.
Highlights: An elaborate funeral ceremony, which is a major cultural event in the region. Visitors can witness traditional rituals, dances, and feasts.

Krakatoa Festival

When: August
Where: Lampung, Sumatra
Highlights: Commemorates the eruption of the Krakatoa volcano. It features traditional dances, elephant processions, and other cultural events.

Baliem Valley Festival

When: August
Where: Papua, in the Baliem Valley
Highlights: Tribes from the region gather for mock battles, pig feasts, and to showcase their traditional music, dance, and crafts.

Solo Batik Carnival

When: July
Where: Solo City, Central Java
Highlights: Celebrates the traditional cloth-making art of batik. Features a carnival with costumes, floats, and more.

Kasada Ceremony

When: July or August, depending on the lunar calendar.
Where: Mount Bromo, East Java
Highlights: The Tenggerese people gather to make offerings of vegetables, chickens, and money thrown into the volcano to appease the spirits.

Cap Go Meh Festival

When: 15 days after Chinese New Year
Where: Throughout Indonesia, especially in areas with significant Chinese-Indonesian populations like Singkawang in West Kalimantan.
Highlights: Marks the end of Chinese New Year festivities with processions, lion dances, and other traditional Chinese celebrations.

Galungan and Kuningan

When: Dates vary based on the Balinese calendar (about every 210 days).
Where: Bali
Highlights: Celebrates the victory of good (Dharma) over evil (Adharma). The island is adorned with 'penjor' (decorative bamboo poles), and various ceremonies and feasts take place.

Climate

Indonesia, an archipelago that spans the equator, exhibits a tropical climate characterized by two main seasons: the dry season and the rainy season. However, given its vast geographical spread across thousands of islands, the exact climate can vary from one region to another. Here's an overview of the climate in Indonesia:

Temperature:

Being near the equator, Indonesia maintains a relatively constant temperature throughout the year.
Coastal areas typically have temperatures ranging from 23°C (73°F) at night to 30°C (86°F) during the day.
Inland and mountainous areas tend to be cooler.

Dry Season (May to September):

The dry season generally has warmer temperatures and lower humidity, with clearer skies.
It's the most popular time for tourists, particularly in destinations like Bali.
In some areas, especially in eastern Indonesia and Nusa Tenggara, the landscape can get quite dry, with occasional droughts.

Rainy Season (October to April):

This period is characterized by higher humidity and frequent rains.
Rainfall usually occurs in sudden tropical downpours, often in the late afternoon or evening.
Flooding can occur in some regions, especially in densely populated areas like Jakarta.
Despite the name "rainy season," it doesn't rain all day, every day. Often, there are sunny periods interspersed with rain.

Regional Variations:

Sumatra: Rain can be expected at any time of the year, though it's generally drier in the north compared to the south.
Java: The western and central parts tend to be wetter than the eastern part.
Bali and Lombok: These islands experience clearer distinctions between the dry and rainy seasons.
Kalimantan (Borneo): The interior of the island can be particularly wet, while the coastal regions have more predictable dry and wet seasons.
Sulawesi: The northern parts tend to be drier than the south.
Moluccas and Papua: Rain can occur throughout the year, but it's generally wetter from May to October in the northern Moluccas and from December to March in Papua.

Microclimates:

Given the topographical diversity in Indonesia, microclimates exist, especially in highland areas and near active volcanoes.
Regions like Dieng Plateau in Java or Mount Kinabalu in Borneo can be considerably cooler, requiring warmer clothing.

Packing Tips

When packing for Indonesia, it's essential to consider the climate, cultural sensitivities, and activities you'll be engaging in. Here are some packing tips for your trip to Indonesia:

Clothing:

Lightweight and breathable: Given the tropical climate, pack light, breathable fabrics such as cotton and linen.
Modest clothing: To respect local customs, especially in religious areas, pack modest clothing. Long skirts, dresses, and pants, as well as tops with sleeves, are recommended.
Swimwear: For beach destinations, but remember to wear cover-ups when you're not at the beach.
Rain gear: A light rain jacket or poncho is handy, especially if you're traveling during the rainy season.
Cool weather clothing: If you're visiting higher altitudes (like Mount Bromo or Dieng Plateau), pack a sweater or light jacket.

Footwear:

Sandals/Flip-flops: Ideal for the beach and casual walks.
Walking shoes: For exploring cities or light treks.
Trekking shoes: If you plan to do some serious hiking or trekking.

Accessories:

Hat and sunglasses: To protect from the sun.
Scarf or sarong: Useful for visiting temples or as a cover-up at the beach.
Lightweight backpack: Useful for day trips or treks.

Toiletries and Personal Items:

Sunscreen: With high SPF, the tropical sun can be intense.
Insect repellent: Essential to protect against mosquitoes.
Travel-sized toiletries: Especially if you're backpacking or moving between multiple destinations.
Personal medications: Along with a copy of your prescription.

Health and Safety:

Travel insurance: Ensure it covers all your planned activities.
Basic first-aid kit: With essentials like band-aids, antiseptic wipes, and over-the-counter painkillers.
Water bottle: Stay hydrated. Consider a bottle with a built-in filter, as tap water is generally not safe to drink.

Electronics and Gadgets:

Universal adapter: Indonesia uses plug types C and F, with a standard voltage of 230V and a frequency of 50Hz.
Power bank: Handy for long travel days.
Waterproof bags/cases: For your electronics if you plan to be near water or in rain-prone areas.

Miscellaneous:

Tissues and wet wipes: Many local restrooms may not have toilet paper.
Hand sanitizer: Useful when you're on the go.
Snacks: Especially if you have dietary restrictions or are traveling to remote areas.

Cultural Respect:

Modest attire: When visiting religious sites, it's essential to dress modestly. For men, shorts that cover the knee and t-shirts are usually acceptable. For women, a sarong and a scarf or shawl to cover the shoulders are often required.

Cash and Cards:

Local currency (Indonesian Rupiah, IDR): While ATMs are widespread in cities and tourist areas, it's always good to carry some cash, especially in more remote regions.
Credit cards: Widely accepted in hotels, restaurants, and shops in tourist areas. However, always inform your bank about your travel dates to avoid any issues.

Travel Documents:

Passport: Must be valid for at least six months from your arrival date.
Visa: Depending on your nationality, you might need a visa. Some tourists are eligible for visa-free entry for short stays, while others may need to get a visa on arrival or in advance.

Currency

The official currency of Indonesia is the Indonesian Rupiah, abbreviated as IDR and often symbolized locally as Rp.

Here's what you should know about the Indonesian Rupiah:

Denominations:

Coins: IDR 50, IDR 100, IDR 200, IDR 500, and IDR 1,000.
Banknotes: IDR 1,000, IDR 2,000, IDR 5,000, IDR 10,000, IDR 20,000, IDR 50,000, and IDR 100,000.

Usage:

Cash is the most widely accepted form of payment, especially for daily expenses, street vendors, and in remote areas.
While credit and debit cards are becoming more common in cities and tourist areas, many places still prefer or only accept cash.
ATMs are widespread in cities and larger towns, but it's advisable to carry enough cash when traveling to more remote areas.

Exchanging Currency:

It's easy to exchange major currencies like USD, EUR, or AUD at airports, banks, or money changers in cities and tourist areas.
However, ensure you exchange at reputable places to avoid getting counterfeit bills or unfavorable rates. Licensed money changers are generally reliable.
It's a good idea to keep smaller denominations handy, especially when shopping in local markets or using public transport.

ATM and Banking Tips:

While ATMs are widespread, it's always a good idea to use those attached to banks or in well-lit areas to avoid skimming or other fraudulent activities.
Notify your bank about your travel plans to prevent any unexpected blocking of your cards.
Some ATMs might have a lower withdrawal limit than what you're used to, so be prepared to make multiple transactions if necessary.

Time Zone

Indonesia spans three different time zones due to its vast geographical spread from west to east. Here are the time zones:

Western Indonesian Time (WIB) - UTC +7:00

This time zone covers the islands of Sumatra, Java, and the western part of Kalimantan (Borneo).

Central Indonesian Time (WITA) - UTC +8:00

This time zone includes the islands of Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, and the central and southern parts of Kalimantan.

Eastern Indonesian Time (WIT) - UTC +9:00

This is the time zone for the Maluku islands and Papua (both Papua and West Papua provinces).

When planning activities or travel within Indonesia, especially if you're transitioning between these time zones, it's essential to keep these differences in mind.

Bargaining

Bargaining is an accepted and often expected practice in many settings in Indonesia, especially in local markets, street stalls, and some independent shops. Here are some tips and insights regarding bargaining in Indonesia:

Know Where to Bargain:

You're expected to bargain in traditional markets, street-side stalls, and with peddlers.
In established shops, malls, supermarkets, and branded outlets, prices are usually fixed, and bargaining is not appropriate.
For services like taxi rides (if they don't use a meter) or local guides, negotiating the price upfront is common.

Communication

Communication in Indonesia spans a variety of aspects, from language to modern means like Wi-Fi and phone services. Here's a comprehensive breakdown:

Language:

Official Language: The official language of Indonesia is Bahasa Indonesia. It's a standardized form of Malay and is spoken nationwide.
Regional Languages: Indonesia is ethnically and culturally diverse. This diversity is reflected in its languages, with over 700 living languages spoken across the archipelago. Javanese, Sundanese, and Madurese are among the major regional languages.
English Proficiency: In tourist areas like Bali, Jakarta, Yogyakarta, and other major cities, English is widely spoken, especially in hotels, restaurants, and attractions. However, as you move to more rural or less-touristed areas, English proficiency might decrease. Even so, Indonesians are generally friendly and will make an effort to understand and help.
Basic Phrases: It's always appreciated if you can learn a few basic phrases in Bahasa Indonesia. Common ones include "Terima kasih" (Thank you), "Selamat pagi" (Good morning), and "Berapa?" (How much?).

Wi-Fi:

Hotels & Accommodations: Most hotels, hostels, and guesthouses, especially in tourist areas, offer free Wi-Fi to their guests. The quality and speed can vary, with luxury hotels usually offering faster and more stable connections.
Cafes & Restaurants: Many cafes and restaurants, particularly in touristy regions, provide free Wi-Fi for customers. This is especially true in places like Bali, where many digital nomads work from cafes.
Public Wi-Fi: Some cities might have public Wi-Fi areas, especially in public parks or certain malls. Always be cautious when using public Wi-Fi; avoid accessing sensitive information or conducting important transactions due to security concerns.
SIM Cards & Portable Wi-Fi: For travelers requiring a constant connection, purchasing a local SIM card with data or renting a portable Wi-Fi device is advisable. Local SIM cards are affordable and widely available.

Phone:

Local SIM Cards: Providers like Telkomsel, Indosat, and XL are among the top telecommunication companies in Indonesia. Local SIM cards can be purchased at the airport, convenience stores, or official provider outlets. They're quite affordable, and the coverage is generally good, especially with Telkomsel.
International Calls: If you're making international calls, consider using VoIP services like Skype, WhatsApp, or Zoom, especially if you're connected to Wi-Fi. It's usually cheaper than using traditional mobile networks.
Roaming: Check with your home service provider about international roaming options. While convenient, roaming can be expensive.
Emergency Numbers: The general emergency number in Indonesia is 112. It's good to have it saved or noted down.

Tipping Etiquette

Tipping is not a mandatory practice in Indonesia, but it's becoming more common, especially in tourist-heavy areas. Here's a breakdown of the tipping etiquette in various situations:

Restaurants:

In upscale restaurants and hotels, a service charge of around 5% to 10% is usually added to the bill. If this is the case, no additional tip is expected, but you can leave extra if the service was exceptional.
In local eateries or "warungs" where no service charge is applied, tipping is not customary. However, leaving small change or rounding up the bill is a kind gesture.
For good service in mid-range restaurants where no service charge is added, a tip of 5% to 10% is appreciated.

Taxis:

Taxi drivers typically do not expect tips. However, rounding up the fare or leaving small change is common, especially if the driver was particularly helpful or navigated heavy traffic.
If you hire a driver for a full day, tipping 50,000 to 100,000 IDR (or more if the service was excellent) at the end of the day is a nice gesture.

Hotels:

For bellboys or porters, a tip of around 5,000 to 10,000 IDR per bag is customary.
Housekeeping staff might be tipped around 10,000 to 20,000 IDR per day. You can leave it daily or at the end of your stay.
In upscale hotels where more personalized services are provided, you might consider tipping more.

Tours and Guides:

For private tours or guides, a tip of 50,000 to 100,000 IDR per day is standard, but this can vary based on the level of service and expertise.
For group tours, each person might tip around 20,000 to 50,000 IDR to the guide, depending on the tour's length and quality.

Small Services:

For small services like baggage porters at bus stations or airport helpers, a few thousand rupiahs or whatever small change you have on hand is suitable.

General Guidelines:

Always offer tips in the local currency (IDR).
Place the tip directly in the recipient's hand rather than leaving it on a table or counter, unless it's a restaurant setting.
Consider the broader economic perspective. What might seem like a small amount to you could be significant for service staff in Indonesia.

Electric Plugs

In Indonesia, the most commonly used electric plugs are Type C and Type F.

Type C Plug:

Often referred to as the "Euro" plug.
It has two round pins.

Type F Plug:

Similar to Type C but with two earth clips on the side.
It's also known as "Schuko".

Here are the power supply details for Indonesia:

Voltage: 230V
Frequency: 50Hz

Sustainable Travel Tips

Sustainable travel involves making environmentally-friendly choices and being culturally sensitive to ensure the places we visit remain vibrant and preserved for future generations. Here's some sustainable travel advice tailored for Indonesia:

Support Local Businesses:

Eat at Local Warungs: Opt for locally-owned restaurants or street stalls (warungs) rather than international chains. Not only do they offer authentic Indonesian cuisine, but your money goes directly to local families.
Shop Locally: Buy souvenirs and goods from local artisans and markets. Avoid mass-produced souvenirs, which often aren't made locally and can be environmentally harmful.

Mind the Wildlife:

Responsible Wildlife Tours: If you plan to visit places like the Orangutan sanctuaries in Borneo or Sumatra, ensure they operate ethically. Avoid attractions that exploit animals for entertainment.
Underwater Etiquette: When diving or snorkeling, don't touch the coral reefs or marine life. Coral is fragile and can be damaged easily.

Reduce Plastic Usage:

Bring a Reusable Bottle: Tap water in Indonesia isn't safe to drink. However, many hotels and hostels offer filtered water stations where you can refill a reusable bottle, reducing plastic waste.
Avoid Single-Use Plastics: When shopping, decline plastic bags and bring your own reusable tote. Also, consider bringing a reusable straw and container for take-away food.

Stay at Eco-Friendly Accommodations:

Many hotels and lodges in Indonesia are embracing sustainable practices. Do some research and support accommodations that utilize renewable energy, have water-saving initiatives, and use sustainable building materials.

Limit Carbon Footprint:

Use Public Transport: Where possible, use local public transport such as buses or trains.
Hire Bikes: In places like Yogyakarta or Ubud, consider renting a bicycle to explore the area.

Respect Local Traditions and Sensitivities:

Dress modestly, especially when visiting temples or rural areas. For instance, wearing a sarong is customary when entering temples in Bali.
If you're visiting during Ramadan, be respectful of fasting customs. Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking in public during daylight hours.

Tread Lightly at Tourist Sites:

Stick to marked paths, especially in natural reserves, to avoid damaging flora or disturbing fauna.
Don't take anything, like sand or coral, from natural sites.

Conserve Water and Energy:

Given the tropical climate, it might be tempting to take multiple showers a day. However, try to be conscious of your water usage.
Turn off lights, AC, and other electronics when leaving your hotel room.

Engage in Voluntourism Wisely:

If you're looking to volunteer, ensure you choose a reputable organization. Some places might exploit the idea of "volunteering" for profit rather than genuinely helping the community.

Educate Yourself:

Before you visit, learn about Indonesia's cultures, traditions, and environmental challenges. A well-informed traveler can make more respectful and sustainable choices.

Tips for Families

Indonesia is a family-friendly destination with a variety of attractions and activities suitable for children and adults alike. Here are some tips for families planning to visit Indonesia:

Choose Family-Friendly Destinations:

Bali: Known for its beautiful beaches and cultural landmarks, Bali offers a range of family-oriented resorts and activities like water parks, animal parks, and cycling tours.
Java: Visit Yogyakarta for its historical temples like Borobudur and Prambanan. The city also has kid-friendly attractions like the Gembira Loka Zoo.
Sumatra: If your family is adventurous, consider visiting Bukit Lawang to see orangutans in the wild.

Accommodation:

Look for family-friendly accommodations. Many hotels and resorts in Indonesia offer family suites, kids’ clubs, and pools suitable for children.
Consider renting a villa, especially in places like Bali, where you can get more space, privacy, and often a private pool.

Health and Safety:

Ensure your family’s vaccinations are up-to-date. Consult with a travel clinic before your trip.
Only drink bottled or purified water. Also, be cautious with street food. Opt for popular stalls with a high turnover or restaurants that cater to tourists.
Pack a first-aid kit with essentials like band-aids, antiseptics, and any prescription medications.

Travel Essentials:

Bring baby essentials if traveling with infants, as specific brands or products might not be available everywhere.
Sunscreen, insect repellent, and hats are a must, given Indonesia's tropical climate.

Transport:

When hiring taxis or private drivers, ensure they have suitable safety measures, especially if you require child seats.
If traveling between islands, consider flight durations and layovers, as long journeys can be tiring for children.

Respect Local Customs:

Educate your kids about local customs, especially when visiting temples or sacred sites. This includes dressing modestly and behaving respectfully.

Pack Light, but Smartly:

While many essentials are available locally, some specific items like swim diapers or particular snack brands might not be. Bring enough of what you absolutely need, but remember you can purchase common goods in local supermarkets.

Consider Local School Calendars:

If possible, check the Indonesian school holiday calendar. Some attractions might be more crowded when local schools are on break.

Useful Local Apps

Gojek and Grab:

Both are multifunctional apps offering ride-hailing services (similar to Uber), but they also provide motorbike rides (ojeks), food delivery, grocery shopping, and even some payment services. They're handy for navigating cities without the need for cash.

Tokopedia and Bukalapak:

E-commerce giants in Indonesia. If you need to purchase any items while in the country, these platforms can be quite helpful. They're like the Amazon or eBay of Indonesia.

Klook:

An activity booking platform where you can purchase tickets for attractions, activities, and tours, often at discounted prices.

Waze or Google Maps:

Both are essential for navigation. While Google Maps is widely used, Waze is also popular in Indonesia and sometimes offers better real-time traffic updates.

Halodoc:

If you need medical consultations or to order medicine, Halodoc connects users with doctors and pharmacies. It's useful in case of minor health concerns.

KRL Access:

Useful if you're in Jakarta and plan to use the commuter train services. It provides information on train schedules, ticket prices, and other related details.

XE Currency: