Malaysia is a multicultural society with a rich blend of traditions and customs. The country is predominantly Muslim, but it is also home to significant Buddhist, Hindu, and Christian communities. Understanding Malaysia's local laws, cultural etiquette, and customs is essential for a respectful and enjoyable visit.
Local Laws
Malaysia's legal system is a mix of customary, Islamic, and British common law. Some local laws that tourists should be aware of include:
Drug Laws: Malaysia has very strict drug laws. Possession of illegal drugs in any amount can lead to severe penalties, including the death sentence.
Alcohol Laws: While alcohol is available in Malaysia, public drunkenness and driving under the influence are punishable offences. In certain states such as Kelantan and Terengganu, alcohol is prohibited as these are governed under stricter Islamic laws.
Dress Code: Malaysia is a predominantly Muslim country, and you should dress modestly, especially when visiting religious sites. Women should cover their shoulders and knees, and it may be required to cover your hair in mosques.
Littering Laws: Malaysia has strict anti-littering laws, and offenders can be fined on the spot.
Cultural Etiquette and Customs
Respectful Greetings: When meeting someone, a gentle handshake is the standard greeting. However, Muslim women may not shake hands with men. A good rule of thumb is to wait for the woman to extend her hand first. If she doesn't, a nod and a smile are acceptable.
Footwear Etiquette: It's customary to remove your shoes before entering someone's home and often before entering shops, guesthouses, and certain public buildings.
Using Right Hand: In Malaysia, the right hand is used when eating, giving, or receiving something, as the left hand is traditionally seen as unclean.
Respecting the King and Government: Criticism of the Malaysian royal family and government is illegal, and defamation can lead to legal consequences.
Religion and Religious Customs
Malaysia is a multi-religious society, but Islam is the state religion.
Muslim Practices: During the holy month of Ramadan, Muslims fast from dawn until sunset. While non-Muslim tourists aren't expected to fast, it's respectful to avoid eating, drinking, or smoking in public during daylight hours.
Buddhist, Hindu, and Christian Festivals: There are also significant Buddhist, Hindu, and Christian communities in Malaysia, and their respective religious and cultural celebrations (like Chinese New Year, Deepavali, and Christmas) are recognized public holidays. Participation from non-followers in these celebrations is welcomed but do so respectfully.
Visiting Places of Worship: When visiting mosques, temples, or churches, dress modestly, and follow the specific etiquette of each place. Always ask permission before taking photographs.
Remember, laws and cultural norms can vary between different regions of Malaysia, particularly between Peninsular Malaysia and the states of Sabah and Sarawak on Borneo.
