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Gyeongju

Gyeongju, known as the "museum without walls," is a captivating city in South Korea that seamlessly blends ancient history with modern charm.

Best Time to Visit


The best time to visit Gyeongju is during the spring (April to June) and autumn (September to November) seasons when the weather is mild, and the city's natural beauty and historical sites are at their finest.


During spring, Gyeongju is adorned with cherry blossoms, creating a picturesque and romantic atmosphere, while autumn brings stunning foliage, transforming the city into a kaleidoscope of vibrant colors. These seasons also offer pleasant temperatures for outdoor exploration, allowing visitors to comfortably wander through Gyeongju's numerous historic landmarks, such as Bulguksa Temple and the ancient royal tombs.


Additionally, visiting during these times ensures that you can avoid the peak summer crowds and the hot, humid weather that accompanies it, as well as the chilly winters that may limit outdoor activities.


How to Get There


Gyeongju, a city on South Korea's southeast coast, is known for its rich cultural and historical sites. There are several ways to reach Gyeongju depending on where you're coming from:


  • From Seoul:

    • By Train: KTX (Korea Train eXpress) is the fastest way to get to Gyeongju from Seoul. Take the KTX from Seoul Station to Singyeongju Station. The journey typically takes around 2 to 2.5 hours. From Singyeongju Station, you can take a bus or taxi to Gyeongju city center, which is about 20 minutes away.

    • By Bus: Express buses from Seoul to Gyeongju depart from Seoul Express Bus Terminal. The journey takes approximately 4-5 hours. The Gyeongju Express Bus Terminal is located in the city center.

    • By Car: If you prefer driving, it takes about 4 hours from Seoul to Gyeongju via the Gyeongbu Expressway.

  • From Busan:

    • By Train: KTX and regular trains are available from Busan Station to Singyeongju Station and Gyeongju Station respectively. The journey takes about 30-50 minutes with KTX and 1-2 hours by regular train.

    • By Bus: Express buses from Busan to Gyeongju depart from Busan Central Bus Terminal and it takes approximately 1 hour.

    • By Car: If you are driving, it takes about 1 hour from Busan to Gyeongju via the Gyeongbu Expressway.

  • From Daegu:

    • By Train: KTX and regular trains are available from Daegu Station to Singyeongju Station and Gyeongju Station respectively. The journey takes about 20-40 minutes with KTX and about an hour by regular train.

    • By Bus: Buses from Daegu to Gyeongju depart from Daegu Express Bus Terminal and it takes approximately 1 hour.

    • By Car: If you are driving, it takes about 1 hour from Daegu to Gyeongju via the Gyeongbu Expressway.


Once in Gyeongju, you can get around the city by city buses, taxis, rental bikes, or even on foot, depending on the distance and your preference.


Most Popular Attractions and Activities to See and Do in Gyeongju, South Korea


Top 18 Attractions in Gyeongju


Gyeongju, often referred to as "the museum without walls," is full of historical sites and attractions. Here are some of the top attractions that you should consider visiting:


  1. Bulguksa Temple: As a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Bulguksa Temple is a head temple of Korean Buddhism and houses several national treasures including the Dabotap and Seokgatap stone pagodas.

  2. Seokguram Grotto: Situated on Mount Tohamsan, this grotto is home to a Buddha statue and is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site along with Bulguksa Temple.

  3. Gyeongju National Museum: It houses a vast collection of artifacts uncovered in Gyeongju and other parts of the country, providing a valuable insight into the history and culture of the Silla Dynasty.

  4. Cheomseongdae Observatory: This is the oldest known existing astronomical observatory in Asia, and possibly even the world. It was used during the Silla Dynasty to observe the stars in order to forecast the weather.

  5. Tumuli Park (Daereungwon Tomb Complex): This park has a large collection of royal Silla tombs, some of which you can enter. One of the most famous is the Cheonmachong Tomb, named for the flying horse painting found inside.

  6. Anapji Pond (Donggung Palace and Wolji Pond): Once a part of the palace complex of ancient Silla, this scenic pond is especially beautiful at night when the buildings and pagodas are lit up.

  7. Gyeongju Historic Areas: These are five zones packed with artifacts and cultural treasures from the Silla Dynasty. They've been collectively designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site.

  8. Shilla Millennium Park: A large theme park offering reconstructions of buildings from the Silla period and cultural performances.

  9. Yangdong Folk Village: This traditional village showcases the traditional culture of the Joseon Dynasty and the beautiful natural scenery of the area. It's also a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

  10. Bomun Lake Resort: A tourist complex with luxury hotels, a golf course, and beautiful landscapes.

  11. Hwangnidan-gil: This is Gyeongju’s cultural street filled with traditional hanok houses, boutique shops, cafes, and restaurants. It's a great place to explore local life, try traditional Korean tea, or shop for unique souvenirs.

  12. Gyeongju Gyochon Traditional Village: This village is home to the ancient residences of the Choi Clan and allows visitors to experience traditional Korean culture and life.

  13. Poseokjeong Pavilion Site: This is the site of a Silla Dynasty pavilion where the king would entertain and hold banquets. Its famous feature is an abalone-shaped watercourse where guests would float wine cups.

  14. Underwater Tomb of King Munmu: The tomb of the 30th king of the Silla Dynasty, who wished to become a dragon and protect Korea after his death, is located at sea off the coast of Gyeongju. It's a unique historical site.

  15. Woljeong Bridge: The bridge is beautifully illuminated at night and offers a great place for a leisurely stroll. It was built based on the design of a bridge from the Silla period.

  16. Bulguksa Market: This local market is the place to try some local specialties such as Gyeongju bread and Ssambap.

  17. Oreung Royal Tombs: Oreung is a series of five tombs from the Silla era. The tombs are thought to belong to King Naemul, King Michu, King Yurye, King Jijeung, and King Beopheung.

  18. Toham Mountain (Tohamsan): For outdoor enthusiasts, this mountain offers hiking trails with beautiful views of the natural surroundings and the city.


Lastly, Gyeongju hosts various festivals throughout the year, like the Cherry Blossom Marathon, Gyeongju Silk Road Cultural Festival, and Gyeongju Hwangnidan-gil Culture Festival. These events can be a fun way to experience the local culture during your visit.


Top 11 Activities to do in Gyeongju


In Gyeongju, you can enjoy a wide range of activities that allow you to immerse yourself in Korean history, culture, and natural beauty. Here are some top activities you might consider:


  1. Exploring Historical Sites: Discovering Gyeongju's many historical attractions, such as Bulguksa Temple, Seokguram Grotto, Cheomseongdae Observatory, and the Royal Tumuli Park, is a must.

  2. Visit Museums: Spend some time in museums like the Gyeongju National Museum to deepen your understanding of Korean history and the Silla Dynasty.

  3. Hike Mount Tohamsan: If you enjoy hiking, take a trail up to Mount Tohamsan for panoramic views of Gyeongju. The trails also lead to the Seokguram Grotto, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

  4. Try Traditional Korean Tea: Visit one of the traditional tea houses on Hwangnidan-gil street to experience the Korean tea culture.

  5. Explore Local Cuisine: Try local dishes and street food like Gyeongju bread (Hwangnam bread), Ssambap, and Bibimbap.

  6. Biking Around Bomun Lake: The area around Bomun Lake is scenic and makes for a relaxing bike ride. Bike rentals are available.

  7. Take a Hanbok Photo: Dress up in Hanbok, the traditional Korean dress, and take photos against the backdrop of Gyeongju's beautiful historic sites.

  8. Walk Around Gyeongju at Night: Many of Gyeongju's historic sites, like Anapji Pond and Cheomseongdae, are illuminated at night, offering a different kind of beauty.

  9. Visit Gyeongju World Amusement Park: If you're traveling with family, this amusement park offers thrilling rides and attractions.

  10. Take a Trip to Yangdong Folk Village: A short trip outside of Gyeongju, this traditional village offers an insight into the life and architecture of the Joseon Dynasty.

  11. Attend Local Festivals: Depending on the timing of your visit, you might be able to attend one of Gyeongju's cultural festivals, like the Gyeongju Cherry Blossom Festival or the Gyeongju Silk Road Cultural Festival.

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Best Shopping


Gyeongju offers a range of shopping experiences, from traditional markets to boutique shops and souvenir stores. Here are some places where you can enjoy shopping:


  • Hwangnidan-gil: This is Gyeongju's trendy street filled with unique boutiques, specialty shops, and traditional tea houses. It's a great place to find souvenirs, crafts, clothing, and local products.

  • Gyeongju Jungang Market: This is a traditional Korean market where you can buy fresh food, local specialties, and everyday items. It's a great place to experience the local culture.

  • Seongdong Market: Located near Gyeongju Station, it is another traditional market where you can find a wide array of goods including food, clothes, and household items.

  • Bulguksa Gift Shop: If you visit Bulguksa Temple, don't forget to stop by its gift shop. It sells a variety of souvenirs related to the temple and Buddhism.

  • Art Sonje Center: This is a contemporary art space that also features a unique gift shop selling artistic items, creative souvenirs, and more.

  • Gyeongju Bread Shops: Gyeongju is famous for its local specialty - Gyeongju Bread (or Hwangnam Bread). There are numerous shops throughout the city selling this sweet red-bean pastry. They make a delicious treat and a great gift for friends or family back home.

  • Bomun Lake Resort Shops: If you're staying at or visiting the resort area, there are numerous shops selling a variety of goods including local crafts, souvenirs, and snacks.


Remember that haggling is generally accepted and expected in traditional markets in Korea, but not usually in shops or malls.


Entertainment & Nightlife


Gyeongju is not as bustling in terms of nightlife as cities like Seoul or Busan, but it still offers a range of entertainment options and a more relaxed atmosphere.


  • Nighttime Sightseeing: Many of the historical sites in Gyeongju, such as Anapji Pond (Donggung Palace and Wolji Pond) and Cheomseongdae Observatory, are beautifully illuminated at night. Taking a nighttime stroll through these areas is a popular activity.

  • Cafés and Restaurants: Hwangnidan-gil and around Bomun Lake, you can find a variety of cafes and restaurants where you can relax, have a drink, and try some local cuisine.

  • Bars and Pubs: There are a few bars and pubs scattered throughout Gyeongju, mainly in the downtown area. These venues typically offer a range of drinks, including beer, soju, and cocktails. It's a great way to mingle with locals or other travelers.

  • Traditional Tea Houses: If you prefer a more traditional and serene environment, visit one of Gyeongju's tea houses, where you can enjoy traditional Korean teas and snacks in a beautiful setting.

  • Noraebang (Karaoke Rooms): Like the rest of Korea, Gyeongju has noraebangs, where you can rent a private room with friends and sing karaoke. It’s a favorite pastime for many Koreans.

  • Cinema: There is a cinema in Gyeongju where you can catch the latest movies, including international releases. It’s a good option if you’re looking for a more low-key evening.

  • Shopping: While not nightlife per se, evening shopping can be enjoyable as the streets are lively. The traditional markets are open late, and the street of Hwangnidan-gil has a lovely atmosphere in the evening.

  • Festivals: Depending on the time of year you visit, there might be cultural festivals happening at night. These festivals often have food stalls, traditional performances, and other activities.

  • Hotels and Resorts: Some hotels and resorts around Bomun Lake area have their own entertainment facilities, including bars, clubs, and performances.


Local Cuisine


Gyeongju has its own unique set of regional specialties that you should definitely try when you visit. Here are a few of the local dishes and food items:


  • Hwangnam Bread (Gyeongju Bread): This is perhaps the most well-known local specialty. It's a small pastry with a sweet red bean filling. The outer part is made from wheat flour and is quite thin, making for a high bean-to-pastry ratio.

  • Ssambap: This is a full meal consisting of rice, a variety of fresh and cooked vegetables, and meat (usually pork or beef). Everything is served separately, and you make your own wraps (or "ssam") by bundling bits of each component in a leaf of lettuce or other greens.

  • Chalboribbang: This is a sweet cake made from glutinous barley, filled with sweet red bean paste and steamed. It's similar to Hwangnam Bread but has a different texture due to the glutinous barley.

  • Gyeongju Bulgogi: Bulgogi is a dish known all over Korea, but the Gyeongju variation often uses different cuts of beef and may include mushrooms and other vegetables. It is marinated in a mixture of soy sauce, sesame oil, garlic, and sugar before being grilled.

  • Gyeongju Gujeolpan: Gujeolpan is a platter of nine delicacies, including various vegetables and meats, served with thin, crepe-like pancakes. It's named after the special octagonal dish it's served on.

  • Bibimbap: A popular Korean dish throughout the country, Gyeongju bibimbap has a twist by often including wild mountain vegetables, reflecting the region's abundant natural resources.

  • Buckwheat Dishes: Gyeongju is famous for its buckwheat, and you can try buckwheat in various forms including buckwheat noodles (memil guksu), buckwheat pancakes (memil jeon), and even buckwheat jelly (memil muk).

  • Traditional Korean Teas: While not food, visiting a traditional tea house and trying different Korean teas, such as green tea or omija tea, can also be a culinary highlight.


Accommodations


In Gyeongju, there are various types of accommodations available to cater to different preferences, from luxury resorts to traditional guesthouses. Here are some options:


  • Bomun Lake Resort: This is a large resort area located outside the city center. It's surrounded by beautiful scenery and offers many activities. There are a number of luxury hotels here, such as the Hilton Gyeongju, which offers a comfortable stay with various facilities like a swimming pool, restaurants, and a fitness center.

  • Gyeongju Hilton Hotel: Also located in the Bomun Lake resort area, this hotel is well-known for its quality services and spacious, comfortable rooms. It's situated near many of the city's main attractions and offers views over the lake.

  • Commodore Hotel Gyeongju: This hotel, shaped like a traditional Korean ship, offers comfortable rooms, an outdoor pool, and multiple dining options. It's located near the Bomun Lake district.

  • Gyeongju Tourist Hotel GG: Located in the heart of the city, this hotel offers easy access to local attractions and provides a range of rooms from Western to Korean traditional style.

  • Hanok Stay: If you're looking for a traditional experience, consider staying in a Hanok. These are Korean houses that have been converted into guesthouses. A good example is "Sarangchae Hanok Guesthouse," where you can sleep on a futon in a room with heated floors, following the Korean tradition.

  • Guesthouses and Hostels: If you're traveling on a budget, there are a number of guesthouses and hostels that offer affordable rates. Options like "Blueboat Hostel Gyeongju" or "Gyeongju Guesthouse" provide both private and dormitory-style rooms.

  • Pensions and Vacation Rentals: If you're staying for a longer period or prefer a home-like atmosphere, you could consider renting a vacation home or pension. These are especially popular in the outskirts of the city and near the coastal areas.


Itinerary


Historical and Cultural Journey: A 2-Day Itinerary in Gyeongju


Day 1: Dive into Gyeongju's Historical Highlights


Morning:

  • Start your day with a visit to Bulguksa Temple, a UNESCO World Heritage site. Take your time to explore this architectural masterpiece and its beautiful surroundings.

  • Next, head to the Seokguram Grotto, located on the same mountain as Bulguksa. This man-made grotto houses a beautiful statue of Buddha looking out to the East Sea.

Afternoon:

  • After lunch, visit the Gyeongju National Museum, which houses a wealth of artifacts from the Silla Dynasty. Don't miss the Emille Bell, the largest extant bell from the Silla period.

  • From the museum, take a short walk to Cheomseongdae Observatory, one of the oldest surviving astronomical observatories in the world.

  • Head to Daereungwon Tomb Complex (Tumuli Park), where you can see large ancient tombs of kings and nobles of the Silla Dynasty.

Evening:

  • Visit Donggung Palace and Wolji Pond (Anapji) around sunset. This was a secondary palace site used for banquets in the Silla Dynasty and is beautifully lit up in the evening.

  • Enjoy a traditional Korean dinner at a local restaurant. Try a local specialty like Ssambap or Gyeongju Bulgogi.


Day 2: Immerse Yourself in Gyeongju's Culture and Natural Beauty


Morning:

  • Head to Gyeongju Historic Areas, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, to visit sites such as Poseokjeong Pavilion and the Oreung Royal Tombs.

  • Afterward, venture to Yangdong Folk Village, a well-preserved traditional Korean village that's also a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Afternoon:

  • After lunch, take a relaxing stroll or bike ride around Bomun Lake, enjoying the serene atmosphere.

  • Visit the Art Sonje Center to immerse yourself in contemporary Korean art.

Evening:

  • Spend the evening exploring the charming cultural street, Hwangnidan-gil. Visit boutique shops, traditional tea houses, and enjoy local food for dinner.

  • Don't forget to try Gyeongju Bread, a sweet pastry filled with red bean paste, and Chalboribbang, a sweet steamed cake made from glutinous barley.


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