Colombo
Traveling to Colombo offers a vibrant blend of modern city life, colonial architecture, bustling markets, and a diverse food scene, all set along the picturesque western coastline of Sri Lanka.
Colombo is the commercial capital and largest city of Sri Lanka. It is located on the west coast of the island and serves as the country's economic, cultural, and administrative center. With a population of over 700,000 people, and the greater Colombo area being home to around 5 million people, it is a bustling and vibrant metropolis.
Historically, Colombo has been a significant port city due to its strategic location along ancient trade routes. It has been influenced by various colonial powers over the centuries, including the Portuguese, Dutch, and British. This colonial heritage is evident in the city's architecture, with colonial-era buildings juxtaposed with modern skyscrapers.
Colombo offers a mix of modern infrastructure and historical landmarks. The cityscape features tall buildings, luxury hotels, shopping malls, and entertainment venues. Galle Face Green, a popular promenade along the coast, offers a beautiful view of the Indian Ocean and is a favorite spot for locals and tourists to relax and enjoy the sunset.
Best Time to Visit
Colombo, being located in the tropical zone, experiences warm weather year-round with high humidity and occasional rain showers. However, the city's climate is significantly influenced by monsoon seasons, which can affect when you might choose to visit.
Dry Season (January to March): This is generally considered the best time to visit Colombo. During these months, the city experiences less rain and the weather is typically hot but not unbearable, with temperatures ranging between 24°C to 32°C (75°F to 90°F). This is also a great time to visit the beaches along the western and southern coasts of Sri Lanka.
Inter-Monsoon (April to May): These months mark the transition from the dry season to the southwest monsoon season. The weather remains warm, but rainfall starts to increase. April also marks the celebration of the Sinhalese and Tamil New Year, which can be an interesting cultural experience for tourists.
Southwest Monsoon (June to September): During these months, Colombo experiences heavy rainfall due to the southwest monsoon. While the rain might disrupt outdoor activities, the city is less crowded with tourists, and the landscape is lush and green.
Inter-Monsoon (October to November): These months again mark a transitional period, this time from the southwest monsoon to the northeast monsoon. The weather is unpredictable, with occasional heavy rain showers.
Northeast Monsoon (December): December marks the beginning of the northeast monsoon, but Colombo is less affected by this monsoon compared to other parts of the country. Rainfall is less frequent, and the weather starts to improve towards the end of the month.
In summary, while January to March is considered the best time to visit due to the favorable weather conditions, your decision might also depend on what you plan to do during your stay and whether you mind dealing with occasional rain showers or prefer less crowded periods.
How to Get There
Colombo, the capital city of Sri Lanka, is well-connected domestically and internationally. Here's how you can get there:
By Air: Bandaranaike International Airport, also known as Colombo International Airport, is the main international gateway to Sri Lanka. It's located in Negombo, about 35 kilometers north of Colombo. The airport is served by many international airlines connecting Colombo to cities in Asia, the Middle East, and Europe. Once you arrive at the airport, you can take a taxi, a bus, or a private car to reach Colombo city center. There's also the option to take a domestic flight to Ratmalana Airport, which is closer to the city, if you're coming from another part of Sri Lanka.
By Train: Colombo has an extensive train network connecting it with other major cities in Sri Lanka, like Kandy, Galle, and Jaffna. The city's main railway station is Colombo Fort Railway Station.
By Bus: Long-distance and intercity buses run to Colombo from all major and minor cities in Sri Lanka. The main bus terminal in Colombo is the Central Bus Stand, also known as the Bastian Mawatha Private Bus Station.
By Car: If you're already in Sri Lanka, you can drive to Colombo. The city is connected by well-maintained roads and expressways. However, traffic can be heavy, especially during peak hours, so account for this in your travel plans.
By Boat: For a more unique approach, you could arrive in Colombo by sea. The Port of Colombo, one of the busiest ports in South Asia, welcomes passenger cruise ships from various parts of the world.
How to get Around
Getting around in Colombo is relatively easy, thanks to a variety of transport options available in the city. Here are a few ways to navigate Colombo:
Tuk-Tuks or Auto Rickshaws: These three-wheeled vehicles are a common sight on the streets of Colombo. They're convenient for short trips around the city. However, be aware that not all drivers use meters, so it's best to negotiate the fare before your trip.
Taxis and Ride-Hailing Apps: You can hail a taxi on the street, but it's more reliable to book through a service. The most common ride-hailing services in Colombo are PickMe and Uber, which offer competitive prices and the convenience of paying through the app.
Buses: Buses are a cheap way to get around the city, and there's an extensive network covering most areas of Colombo. However, buses can be crowded, especially during peak hours, and may not be the most comfortable option.
Trains: Colombo has a suburban railway network that connects different parts of the city. Trains can be a faster option during peak traffic hours, and the coastal train route offers scenic views of the ocean.
Bicycles: Some parts of Colombo, especially the areas around Galle Face Green and Beira Lake, are bicycle-friendly. Some hotels and organizations offer bike rentals.
Walking: Colombo's city center is fairly walkable, especially areas like Fort, Pettah, and around Galle Face Green.
Private Car Hire: For maximum convenience and flexibility, consider hiring a private car with a driver. This can be arranged through a travel agency or most hotels.
Most Popular Attractions and Activities to See and Do in Colombo, Sri Lanka
Top 20 Attractions in Colombo
Colombo, as Sri Lanka's capital and largest city, offers a variety of attractions that cater to different interests. Here are some of the top attractions you should consider visiting:
Galle Face Green: A long stretch of green park facing the Indian Ocean, it's a popular spot for families and individuals to relax, fly kites, play cricket, or simply enjoy the sunset.
National Museum: The largest museum in Sri Lanka, it houses a vast collection of historical and cultural artifacts, including the regalia of the ancient Kandyan kings.
Gangaramaya Temple: One of the most important temples in Colombo, Gangaramaya is not only a place of worship but also a center of learning and a museum showcasing a vast collection of Buddhist artifacts.
Pettah Market: A bustling and vibrant local market where you can find almost anything, from fruits and vegetables to electronics and clothes.
Viharamahadevi Park: The largest park in Colombo, known for its flowering trees, water fountains, and a large Buddha statue. It's also close to the National Museum.
Independence Memorial Hall: A national monument built to commemorate Sri Lanka's independence from British rule. It's located in Independence Square, which also houses a museum and a shopping complex.
Beira Lake: Located in the center of the city, it's a nice place for a walk or a boat ride. The lake is adjacent to Gangaramaya Temple and Seema Malaka, a Buddhist temple designed by Geoffrey Bawa.
Old Dutch Hospital: A historic 17th-century building that has been converted into a shopping and dining precinct, known for its high-quality restaurants and shops.
Colombo Fort: An area that's home to a mix of architecture from colonial times to modern skyscrapers. Major landmarks include the World Trade Center, the old General Post Office, and the Old Colombo Dutch Hospital.
Jami Ul-Alfar Mosque: An iconic red and white candy-striped mosque located in the Pettah neighborhood. Its unique architecture draws visitors from around the world.
Colombo Lotus Tower: Also known as Nelum Kuluna in Sinhala, this is the tallest self-supported structure in South Asia. Visitors can enjoy a panoramic view of Colombo from its observation deck.
Mount Lavinia Beach: A popular beach located in the suburb of Mount Lavinia, it's a great place to relax, enjoy the sun, and try some local seafood dishes. The colonial-style Mount Lavinia Hotel nearby is worth a visit, too.
Number 11 - Geoffrey Bawa's House: This was the residence of Sri Lanka's most renowned architect, Geoffrey Bawa. The house is a series of renovated old Colombo row houses and is considered a masterpiece of 20th-century architecture.
Dutch Period Museum: Housed in a 17th-century Dutch colonial building, this museum gives insight into the Dutch colonial period in Sri Lanka with a collection of furniture, ceramics, coins, and other artifacts.
Kelaniya Raja Maha Vihara: An ancient Buddhist temple situated in Kelaniya, a few kilometers from Colombo. According to the chronicles, it dates back to the time of the Buddha and is one of the most sacred sites in the country.
Wolvendaal Church: This is one of the oldest Protestant churches still in use in the country, built by the Dutch in 1749. The church features a mix of Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian architectural styles.
Barefoot Gallery: Located in the Barefoot Garden Cafe, this gallery promotes local artists and photographers. It's also a nice place to relax and enjoy some refreshments.
Bellagio Casino: If you're interested in gaming, the Bellagio Casino offers a variety of table games and slot machines.
Day Trip to Negombo: Just north of the airport, Negombo is a bustling beach town with a long, sandy beach, an old fort, a lively fish market, and the second-largest fishery port in Sri Lanka.
Day Trip to Kandy: If you have more time, consider a day trip to Kandy. It's a couple of hours by road or train from Colombo. In Kandy, you can visit the Temple of the Tooth Relic, the Royal Botanical Gardens, and the Kandy Lake.
Top 12 Activities to do in Colombo
Colombo offers a wide range of activities that cater to different interests. Here are some of the top activities you can consider during your visit:
Stroll Along Galle Face Green: This sea-facing urban park is the perfect place for a leisurely walk, especially during sunset. You can also try local street food from the many vendors lining the promenade.
Explore Local Markets: Visit Pettah Market for a bustling and vibrant experience. Here you'll find everything from fresh produce and spices to clothes and electronics.
Enjoy Local Cuisine: Sri Lankan cuisine is a fusion of flavors. Try local dishes like kottu roti, hoppers, and lamprais. You can do this at a local restaurant or consider taking a traditional cooking class.
Visit Temples and Churches: Explore the city's cultural diversity by visiting various religious sites, including Gangaramaya Temple, Kelaniya Raja Maha Vihara, and Wolvendaal Church.
Go on a City Tour: To get an overview of the city, consider a guided tour. These tours often cover the main attractions and provide historical and cultural insights.
Shopping: Visit the Dutch Hospital Shopping Precinct for high-end stores or local markets like Pettah for traditional items. Paradise Road is a popular spot for Sri Lankan homeware and design products.
Discover Colonial Architecture: Wander around the Fort area and Cinnamon Gardens to see the colonial heritage, including British-era buildings and Geoffrey Bawa's architectural masterpieces.
Take a Boat Ride on Beira Lake: Located in the city center, a boat ride on the lake offers a break from the hustle and bustle of the city.
Enjoy the Nightlife: Visit one of the rooftop bars for a nightcap and enjoy the city's nightlife. The bars at the Kingsbury or the Galadari Hotel offer great views of the city.
Participate in a Yoga or Meditation Session: Sri Lanka has a rich history of mindfulness and meditation. Join a session to start your day with peace and tranquility.
Wildlife Watching at Talangama Wetland: Just outside the city, this is a great spot for birdwatching and appreciating local biodiversity.
Visit an Art Gallery: Colombo has a thriving art scene. Visit galleries such as the Saskia Fernando Gallery or the Barefoot Gallery to explore contemporary Sri Lankan art.
Best Shopping
Shopping in Colombo offers a wide variety of choices, from upscale shopping malls to bustling local markets. Here are some of the best places to go shopping in the city:
Pettah Market: One of the busiest and most vibrant markets in Colombo. Here you can find a wide variety of goods, including textiles, jewelry, electronics, spices, and fresh produce. The market is divided into different sections, each specializing in different types of goods. Remember to bargain to get the best prices.
Dutch Hospital Shopping Precinct: This is one of the oldest buildings in Colombo, now transformed into a shopping and dining complex. You'll find a range of upscale stores selling designer clothing, jewelry, and handicrafts. There are also several restaurants and cafes where you can relax and enjoy some local or international cuisine.
House of Fashion: This is a well-known department store in Colombo, selling a wide range of clothing, accessories, and household items at affordable prices.
Barefoot Gallery: This is an excellent place to buy high-quality handwoven textiles, clothing, and handcrafted items. It's also known for its bookshop, which carries a great selection of books on Sri Lanka's history, culture, and wildlife.
Paradise Road: This boutique store offers a collection of chic homeware and décor items, many of which are designed and produced in Sri Lanka. You can find ceramics, textiles, furniture, and more.
Crescat Boulevard: This shopping mall located in the heart of Colombo has a mix of local and international stores, along with a food court offering a variety of cuisines.
Odel: Considered Sri Lanka's first-ever fashion and lifestyle brand, Odel has several outlets around the city selling fashionable clothing and accessories. The flagship store at Alexandra Place also houses a variety of restaurants and a wine store.
Laksala: This is a government-run store selling a wide range of traditional Sri Lankan crafts and souvenirs. The items here are high-quality and the prices are fixed, so you don't need to worry about bargaining.
Majestic City: This is one of Colombo's oldest shopping malls, offering a variety of stores selling clothing, electronics, and more. There's also a cinema and a food court.
Liberty Plaza: Another well-known shopping mall in Colombo with a variety of shops, a cinema, and dining options.
Entertainment & Nightlife
Colombo offers a vibrant nightlife and entertainment scene with something for everyone. Here are some options to consider:
Bars and Pubs: Colombo has a wide variety of bars and pubs where you can enjoy local and international drinks. Popular spots include The Kingsbury's rooftop bar, which offers panoramic views of the city, and the colonial-themed In on the Green at Galle Face Hotel. Another popular spot is ZAZA Bar, located at the Dutch Hospital Shopping Precinct.
Nightclubs: If you're into dancing, there are several nightclubs in Colombo where you can party till the early hours. These include the R&B Club, Disques, and Cleopatra, which are popular among both locals and tourists.
Live Music: Many hotels and restaurants in Colombo host live music performances, particularly on weekends. The Barefoot Garden Café is known for its jazz performances, while the Dutch Hospital Shopping Precinct often has live bands playing a mix of genres.
Theater and Performances: Keep an eye out for drama, dance, and music performances happening at venues like the Lionel Wendt Theatre, the Nelum Pokuna Mahinda Rajapaksa Theatre, and the Navarangahala.
Cinema: If you're a movie buff, there are several cinemas in Colombo that screen the latest local and international films. Liberty Cinema and Majestic Cinema are among the most popular.
Dining: Many of the city's restaurants and hotels offer dinner entertainment, such as traditional Sri Lankan dance and music performances. This can be a great way to enjoy local culture while having a meal.
Casinos: If you enjoy gambling, there are several casinos in Colombo, including Bally's, the Bellagio Casino, and the Stardust Casino. They offer a range of table games and slot machines.
Spa and Wellness Centers: For a more relaxed evening, consider visiting a spa or wellness center. Many of Colombo's luxury hotels offer spa facilities, and there are standalone wellness centers like Siddhalepa Spa, offering a range of treatments.
Beachside Hangouts: Head to Mount Lavinia or Galle Face Green for a laid-back evening by the sea, complete with street food and the chance to mingle with locals and fellow travelers.
Local Cuisine
Sri Lankan cuisine is a delightful fusion of flavors that reflect the country's rich cultural diversity. It's heavily influenced by its history as a trade hub and its geographic position in the Indian Ocean. Here are some dishes you should definitely try when in Colombo:
Rice and Curry: This is a staple dish in Sri Lanka, usually eaten for lunch. It consists of white or red rice served with several side dishes, which can include various types of vegetable, meat, and fish curries. It often comes with "mallum," a dish of shredded leaves (like kale or spinach) mixed with grated coconut and lime.
Hoppers (Appa): These are bowl-shaped pancakes made from fermented rice flour and coconut milk. They can be eaten plain or with an egg cooked into the center (egg hopper). Another variation is the honey hopper (pani appa), which is sweet and usually eaten for dessert or breakfast.
Kottu Roti: This popular street food dish is made by stir-frying pieces of roti (flatbread) with vegetables, spices, and often meat or eggs. The process of chopping and mixing the kottu on a flat iron skillet is quite distinctive and creates a rhythmic sound you can hear from blocks away.
String Hoppers (Idiyappam): These are small steamed nests made from rice flour dough pressed out in a string form. They're typically served for breakfast or dinner with dhal curry and coconut sambol.
Lamprais: An Indo-Dutch influenced dish, lamprais is made up of rice, meat curry, two types of sambol, and a frikkadel (Dutch-style meatball), all wrapped in a banana leaf and then baked. It's a delicious fusion of flavors and textures.
Seafood: Given its coastal location, Colombo offers a variety of fresh seafood dishes. Devilled prawns, crab curry, and fish ambul thiyal (sour fish curry) are among the local favorites.
Sambols: These are side dishes typically made from ground or grated ingredients mixed with spices. The most popular is coconut sambol, made from grated coconut, chili, and lime juice. There's also seeni sambol, a sweet-and-spicy onion relish.
Short Eats: These are Sri Lankan snacks, typically served at teatime. They include items like fish buns (maalupaan), vegetable roti, and stuffed pastries known as patties.
Desserts: Sri Lankan desserts often feature coconut, treacle (a type of syrup), and fruits. Watalappan (a spiced coconut custard), kiri toffee (milk toffee), and aasmi (a type of sweetmeat) are a few examples.
For a comprehensive experience of local cuisine, consider dining at restaurants like Upali's, Raja Bojun, and Nuga Gama. Street food stalls, especially around Galle Face Green, also offer a taste of authentic local dishes.
Accommodations
Choosing where to stay in Colombo depends on your preferences and what you want out of your visit. Here are a few neighborhoods that are popular with visitors:
Colombo 1 (Fort): This is the commercial heart of the city and it's where you'll find many banks, government offices, and big businesses. There are also a number of historical buildings and landmarks here, including the Dutch Hospital Shopping Precinct and the old lighthouse. Hotels in this area are mostly upmarket.
Colombo 2 (Pettah): This district is home to some of Colombo's tallest skyscrapers and a number of new developments. It's also where you'll find Gangaramaya Temple, one of the city's most important Buddhist sites.
Colombo 3 (Kollupitiya): This is a largely residential area, but it's also home to many hotels, shops, restaurants, and offices. It's well-connected to other parts of the city, making it a convenient base for exploring.
Colombo 4 (Bambalapitiya): This area is known for its shopping, particularly for its many textile shops. The Majestic City shopping mall is also here.
Colombo 7 (Cinnamon Gardens): This is one of the city's most affluent neighborhoods, and it's where you'll find the Prime Minister's official residence, several embassies, and a number of the city's best restaurants. The Colombo National Museum and the Viharamahadevi Park are also in this area.
Mount Lavinia: This suburb, located south of the city center, is famous for its beach, which is one of the best in the Colombo area. There's a wide range of accommodation options here, from budget guesthouses to luxury hotels.
Overall, most visitors choose to stay in Colombo 1, 3, or 7, as these areas offer the best combination of convenience, services, and proximity to the city's main attractions.
